Resources: Measures for Evaluating Outcomes of Stroke

Barthel Index

Collin C, Wade DT, Davies S, Horne V. The Barthel ADL Index: A reliability study. International Disability Studies 1988; 10:61-63.

Kalra L, Crome P. The role of prognostic scores in targeting stroke rehabilitation in elderly patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1993; 41:396-400.

Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. Functional Evaluation: The Barthel Index. Maryland State Medical Journal 1965; 14:61-65.

Wade DT, Langton-Hewer R. Functional abilities after stroke: Measurement, natural history, and prognosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1987; 50:177-82.

Wellwood I, Dennis MS, Warlow CP. A comparison of the Barthel Index and the OPCS disability instrument used to measure outcome after acute stroke. Age and Ageing 1995 Jan; 24(1):54-57.

Wolfe CD, Taub NA, Woodrow EJ, Burney PG. Assessment of scales of disability and handicap for stroke patients. Stroke 1991 Oct; 22(10):1242-44.

Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS)

Cote R, Hachinski V. The Canadian Neurological Scale: Cerebrovascular diseases (abstract). Second European Stroke Conference Issue 1992; 2:243-44.

Cote R, Battista RN, Wolfson C, et al. The Canadian Neurological Scale: Validation and Reliability Assessment. Neurology 1989; 39:638-43.

Laloux P, Richelle F, Jamart J, De Coster P, Laterre C. Comparative correlations of HMPAO SPECT indices, neurological score, and stroke subtypes with clinical outcome in acute carotid infarcts. Stroke 1995 May; 26(5):816-21.

Muir KW, Grosset DG, Lees KR. Interconversion of stroke scales: implications for therapeutic trials. Stroke 1994 Jul; 25(7):1366-70.

Frenchay Activities Index

Holbrook M, Skillbeck CE. An activities index for use with stroke patients. Age and Ageing 1983; 12:166-70.

Schuling J, DeHaan R, Limburg M, Groenier KH. The Frenchay Activities Index: Assessment of functional status in stroke patients. Stroke 1993 Aug; 24(8):1173-77.

Segal ME, Schall RR. Determining functional/health status and its relation to disability in stroke survivors. Stroke 1994 Dec; 25(12):2391-97.

Wade DT, Legh-Smith GL, Langton-Hewer R. Social activities after stroke: Measurement and natural history using the Frenchay Activities Index. International Rehabilitation Medicine 1985; 7:176-81.

National Institute of Health Stroke Scale

Brott T, Adams HP, Olinger CP, et al. Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: A clinical examination scale. Stroke 1989; 20:864-70.

DeHaan R, Horn J, Limburg M, Van Der Meulen J, Bossuyt P. A comparison of five stroke scales with measures of disability, handicap, and quality of life. Stroke 1993 Aug; 24(8):1178-81.

Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Index

Chong DK. Measurement of instrumental activities of daily living in stroke. Stroke 1995 Jun; 26(6):1119-22.

Collen FM, Wade DT, Robb GF, Bradshaw, CM. The Rivermead Mobility Index: A further development of the Rivermead Motor Assessment. International Disability Studies 1991; 13:50-54.

Nouri FM, Lincoln NB. An extended activities of daily living scale for stroke patients. Clinical Rehabilitation 1987; 1:301-05.

Rankin Handicap Scale (Modified)

Ferro JM, Crespo M. Prognosis after transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke in young adults. Stroke 1994 Aug; 25(8):1611-16.

Heald A, Bates D, Cartlidge NE, French JM, Miller S. Longitudinal study of central motor conduction time following stroke (Central motor conduction measured within 72 h after stroke as a predictor of functional outcome at 12 months). Brain 1993 Dec; 116(Pt 6):1371-85.

UK-TIA Study Group. The UK-TIA aspirin trial: Interim results. British Medical Journal 1988; 296:316-20.

Van Sweiten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC, et al. Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke 1988; 19:604-07.

Generic Functional Status/
Quality of Life Measures

SF-36 Health Survey

American Physical Therapy Association. Summary of Guideline No. 16: assessment methods for patients with strokes. Post-Stroke Rehabilitation 1995; 3(10):10-13.

Anderson C, Laubacher S, Burns R. Validation of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaire among stroke patients. Stroke Oct 1996; 27(10):1812-16.

Kappelle LJ, Adams HP, Heffner ML, Torner JC, Gomez F, Biller J. Prognosis of young adults with ischemic stroke: a long-term follow-up study assessing recurrent vascular events and functional outcomes in the Iowa Registry of Stroke in young adults. Stroke Jul 1994; (25)7:1360-65.

Segal ME, Schall RR. Determining functional/health status and its relation to disability in stroke survivors. Stroke 1994; 25(12):2391-97.

Sickness Impact Profile

Granger CV, Cotter AC, Hamilton BB, Fiedler RC. Functional Assessment Scales: A Study of Persons After Stroke. Archives Physical Medicine Rehabilitation 193; 74:133-38.

Nydevik I, Hulter-Asberg K. Subjective dysfunction after stroke. A study with Sickness Impact Profile. Scand J Prim Health Care 1991 Dec; 9(4)271-75.

Schuling J, Greidanus J, Meyboom-de Jong B. Measuring functional status of stroke patients with the Sickness Impact Profile. Disabil Rehabil 1993 Jan-Mar; 15(1):19-23

Visser MC, Koudstaal PJ, Erdman RA, Deckers JW, Passchier J, Van Gijn J, Grobbee DE. Measuring quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction or stroke: a feasibility study of four questionnaires in The Netherlands. J Epidemiol Community Health 1995 Oct; 49(5):513-7.

	July 1999 - Volume 4 - Issue 1 A Publication for Members of Medical Outcomes Trust
				Resources Measures for Evaluating Outcomes of Stroke

				Condition-Specific Functional Status/Quality of Life Measures Barthel Index Collin C, Wade DT, Davies S, Horne V. The Barthel ADL Index: A reliability study. International Disability Studies 1988; 10:61-63. Kalra L, Crome P. The role of prognostic scores in targeting stroke rehabilitation in elderly patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1993; 41:396-400. Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. Functional Evaluation: The Barthel Index. Maryland State Medical Journal 1965; 14:61-65. Wade DT, Langton-Hewer R. Functional abilities after stroke: Measurement, natural history, and prognosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1987; 50:177-82. Wellwood I, Dennis MS, Warlow CP. A comparison of the Barthel Index and the OPCS disability instrument used to measure outcome after acute stroke. Age and Ageing 1995 Jan; 24(1):54-57. Wolfe CD, Taub NA, Woodrow EJ, Burney PG. Assessment of scales of disability and handicap for stroke patients. Stroke 1991 Oct; 22(10):1242-44. Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS) Cote R, Hachinski V. The Canadian Neurological Scale: Cerebrovascular diseases (abstract). Second European Stroke Conference Issue 1992; 2:243-44. Cote R, Battista RN, Wolfson C, et al. The Canadian Neurological Scale: Validation and Reliability Assessment. Neurology 1989; 39:638-43. Laloux P, Richelle F, Jamart J, De Coster P, Laterre C. Comparative correlations of HMPAO SPECT indices, neurological score, and stroke subtypes with clinical outcome in acute carotid infarcts. Stroke 1995 May; 26(5):816-21. Muir KW, Grosset DG, Lees KR. Interconversion of stroke scales: implications for therapeutic trials. Stroke 1994 Jul; 25(7):1366-70. Frenchay Activities Index Holbrook M, Skillbeck CE. An activities index for use with stroke patients. Age and Ageing 1983; 12:166-70. Schuling J, DeHaan R, Limburg M, Groenier KH. The Frenchay Activities Index: Assessment of functional status in stroke patients. Stroke 1993 Aug; 24(8):1173-77. Segal ME, Schall RR. Determining functional/health status and its relation to disability in stroke survivors. Stroke 1994 Dec; 25(12):2391-97. Wade DT, Legh-Smith GL, Langton-Hewer R. Social activities after stroke: Measurement and natural history using the Frenchay Activities Index. International Rehabilitation Medicine 1985; 7:176-81. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Brott T, Adams HP, Olinger CP, et al. Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: A clinical examination scale. Stroke 1989; 20:864-70. DeHaan R, Horn J, Limburg M, Van Der Meulen J, Bossuyt P. A comparison of five stroke scales with measures of disability, handicap, and quality of life. Stroke 1993 Aug; 24(8):1178-81. Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Index Chong DK. Measurement of instrumental activities of daily living in stroke. Stroke 1995 Jun; 26(6):1119-22. Collen FM, Wade DT, Robb GF, Bradshaw, CM. The Rivermead Mobility Index: A further development of the Rivermead Motor Assessment. International Disability Studies 1991; 13:50-54. Nouri FM, Lincoln NB. An extended activities of daily living scale for stroke patients. Clinical Rehabilitation 1987; 1:301-05. Rankin Handicap Scale (Modified) Ferro JM, Crespo M. Prognosis after transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke in young adults. Stroke 1994 Aug; 25(8):1611-16. Heald A, Bates D, Cartlidge NE, French JM, Miller S. Longitudinal study of central motor conduction time following stroke (Central motor conduction measured within 72 h after stroke as a predictor of functional outcome at 12 months). Brain 1993 Dec; 116(Pt 6):1371-85. UK-TIA Study Group. The UK-TIA aspirin trial: Interim results. British Medical Journal 1988; 296:316-20. Van Sweiten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC, et al. Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke 1988; 19:604-07. Generic Functional Status/ Quality of Life Measures SF-36 Health Survey American Physical Therapy Association. Summary of Guideline No. 16: assessment methods for patients with strokes. Post-Stroke Rehabilitation 1995; 3(10):10-13. Anderson C, Laubacher S, Burns R. Validation of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaire among stroke patients. Stroke Oct 1996; 27(10):1812-16. Kappelle LJ, Adams HP, Heffner ML, Torner JC, Gomez F, Biller J. Prognosis of young adults with ischemic stroke: a long-term follow-up study assessing recurrent vascular events and functional outcomes in the Iowa Registry of Stroke in young adults. Stroke Jul 1994; (25)7:1360-65. Segal ME, Schall RR. Determining functional/health status and its relation to disability in stroke survivors. Stroke 1994; 25(12):2391-97. Sickness Impact Profile Granger CV, Cotter AC, Hamilton BB, Fiedler RC. Functional Assessment Scales: A Study of Persons After Stroke. Archives Physical Medicine Rehabilitation 193; 74:133-38. Nydevik I, Hulter-Asberg K. Subjective dysfunction after stroke. A study with Sickness Impact Profile. Scand J Prim Health Care 1991 Dec; 9(4)271-75. Schuling J, Greidanus J, Meyboom-de Jong B. Measuring functional status of stroke patients with the Sickness Impact Profile. Disabil Rehabil 1993 Jan-Mar; 15(1):19-23 Visser MC, Koudstaal PJ, Erdman RA, Deckers JW, Passchier J, Van Gijn J, Grobbee DE. Measuring quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction or stroke: a feasibility study of four questionnaires in The Netherlands. J Epidemiol Community Health 1995 Oct; 49(5):513-7.